Masterpiece Landscaping Blog

January 5, 2012

Landscape Garden Life among the Coyote

I have coyote preying on my grounds.   The resident couple have produced a pup.   We seldom see these folks, but they are there and we have quicky pictures to prove their settlement.

In the thirty eight years of my residency here in suburban Minneapolis , I have been able to create and maintain a beautiful  classic landscape garden.   We live in a climate in which winter is the major landscape season, as long as all of the other landscape seasons combined.   

As a boy I noticed that.   I delivered papers both morning and after school.  It was an outdoor job…..Although I hated delivering papers in the winter, I loved  the early mornings throughout the year….the 5 AM mornings  before anyone but paper boys were prowling the streets…..except once in a long while  when a coyote came to view.      Fox at 5AM were fairly common, but not coyote.   Fearless through ignorance, I’d drop my paper boy’s delivery bag and try to follow the creature.

We haven’t noticed coyotes anywhere in my neighborhood until  three or four years ago.   I had seen one in the center of Minneapolis about ten years back  in the garden of a good friend of mine.   It was dark winter and I had just  turned into the driveway.   Suddenly a coyote I distrubed  looked up at me.  ”He”  had  torn something apart which was drooping from its jaws…..and it wasn’t a plant.   “He” was mangy-looking (all coyotes in my vocabulary are male unless proved otherwise), and “he,” coyote-like,  grabbed his kill and ran off into the dark.

My grounds are filled with evergreen conifers……the plants of good memory when I needed them as a news delivery boy  to hide behind during the wild blizzards  50 plus years ago before these wonderful days of global warming in our Northland.

Conifers  come in many  sizes and shapes these days.   Those sizes and shapes are well displayed in my ‘paradise’.   So is snow in winter…..except for this winter thus  far.   

Rabbits and squirrels, birds and voles used to love these conifers-of-all-sizes winter garden.   Until about three years ago.  

Today, only the birds still  do.  Actually, there are more of them of all kinds than in the past.    

No longer do the rabbits and voles eat up all of the lower foliage of the arborvitaes.   No longer are squirrels fighting to burrow into my house eaves to mooch off of  my expensive winter heating and escape the winter winds.

Instead, I  see replacement  foot prints in the winter snow as I walk  along my garden paths.   They are dog-like, but I allow no dogs to enter my space whereever I think I rule.  

My lovely garden now houses new visitors,  ’Canis latrans’ the coyote,  into my space, whether I like it or not.   They are about the only footprints etched in the snow these days.    New prints arrive with each new snow dusting or snowfall.

While searching for television something or another a few days ago, I came across an hour’s worth on the expansion of the coyote population  throughout America……the America that still includes Arizona, New York , California, and Florida.

“Although assaults upon humans are rare, they do happen…..” the narrators admitted more than once.   The deaths are more  frequent in PARKS  the Northeast….Massachusetts and New York, for instance.    They noted an example of an ourdoor type gal who was a regular hiker  in an urban public park.   Two  coyote had stalked her, had run her down and destroyed her as others in the park who had heard  her screams arrived to the scene  too late to save her…….and fended off the two coyote killers.

We live in a time where equality among mankind and ’other’ animals  is required by some politicians and university instructors…..we must live ‘as one’ with nature.   I accept  this dogma, but I do believe I must add, “barely”.    

I still believe the human being is sacred, out of fashioned as that may be.  I am  not the equal of the coyote or squirrel.    I prefer me to rule in my landscape garden rather than  coyote.   If I have to put up with something of a lower order than I am  in my paradise, I’ll go for the hungry  mink, who have happened to drop by upon occasion.

The equality people, the stars of this  television program on coyote, that is, the park rangers, the animal huggers who work for the state to protect wild life, and their similars, (isn’t English a terrific language) who love coyote, seem quite sincere in their warnings to the general public reminding  them that coyote can be our killers.  

“Don’t feed them”, they advise…..and then they move on to their coyote loving.   I admit.   Their ‘chicks’ ARE cute.

“Coyote have naturalized nearly everywhere throughout the United States, even on Manhattan Island in New York City”. 

Rangers who keep an eye on these exploding coyote populations mark the  ’cute’ beasts in their youth  to follow  their roamings henceforth…..your tax money at work.      “They lack competition from bigger predators.”  the experts  announce, hinting that the timber wolf once roamed our streets  widely before we had streets.

Besides “Don’t feed the animals”, here is the official message from these state officials representing urban  American  visits from the ever larger coyote flocks……

“When taking  your nature  hikes in your local parks, suburban or urban, or your landscape gardens, you should take a stick along with you……just in case.” concluding that the coyote is our human equal in the eyes of the modern educated park bureaucrats.   “We must learn to live along side ‘nature’.

There was a moment the narrators offered a degree of  politico-social-religious  ’balance’, a brief one for sure, but an effort nevertheless.   I think the setting  was in Colorado, in a suburb of Denver. where a  park ranger being interviewed by the coyote huggers,  glanced with a hint of a wink at his power rifle when he was asked about his recommentdations  for coyote control.

I enjoyed the program as you, dear readers, might have noticed from the rhythms and a embellishments of this writing.

The American has become and indoor population despite their occasional bicycle and hiking jaunts from their bureaucratic life  into the great outdoors.    When I was a kid most Americans worked outdoors for their living.    Most  owned a rifle for their outdoor business…..controlling wolves and coyote, puma and wild this or  that which decimated their food supply and not infrequently some of these outdoor people as well.

Today indoor people look at animal life romantically.   I do too.   One of the most beautiful sites Mother Nature can cook up for me  is to see the beautiful sleak cougar eyeing and plotting the kill of its prey….as long as one doesn’t romance too much  of the prey’s immediate future.   

I think it a tragedy  that  ”lions, tigers and bears”…..well not bears, yet…..are disappearing from Earth due to mankind’s ‘interference’.   

In the meantime I guess I’ll  have to  position a few sticks  for self defense, artistically placed , of course, blending them  into the lines and curves of my lovely  landscape garden.

 

 

 

 

November 14, 2011

It has been very dry in the Garden this Fall. WATER NOW if you can.

This article should be considered a WARNING to any readers who planted or had us or anyone else plant new plant materials on your grounds since about the first of July this year in the Twin City area.

We certainly had a number of rainfalls earlier in the year.   Many were of the plundering type in which the downpour was overwhelming but not terribly helpful to landscape garden plants.   Following these deluges, we have had a significant drought.   Here in the western part of the Twin Cities where I live, I don’t think we have had an inch of rain over the past two and a half months.

I have an irrigation system which is scheduled to water the grounds for twenty minutes every other day.   It runs early in the morning, except if I am home weekends.   I like to watch my plants watered whenever I have a chance, so I turn the system on manual when I have the time to see the watering.

My irrigation system was winterized over four weeks ago….during a day of light, very light, rain. 

October is usually a drier month in the Twin Cities, and has been so all of my life.   We usually see a good amount of rain here in September.    With the cooler nights approaching cold nights, plant  need for water is not as critical as in warmer months….and the days of sunlight become significantly shorter in the fall, so there is less evaporation.

And remember although tree shade does reduce moisture evaporation from your understory plantings,  the big trees, mainly maples, elms and basswoods hype up their own water needs first and foremost when dry or not dry, for these trees when mature, aren’t protected by shade…….unless maybe by cottonwoods if you live in an area  big enough  to handle them.

Coniferous evergreen trees are not serious water robbers.  Most  respond very well when watering is reliable.

When the temperatures of summer reach or pass the 90 Fahrenheit degree mark, most of our garden plants begin to shut down to save moisture…….if there is no reliable watering available.

By far the greatest killer of  landscape plants, woody or otherwise,  especially among the newly planted,  is from lack of water…..more specifically, the lack of regular reliable watering.  

Soils also play a role in plant deaths due to drought.   I am lucky….actually my plants are lucky to have a great soil environment from which to grow.   There is no clay hereabouts…..for which I am grateful.    My grounds are loamy  by nature and made loamier by years and years of my mulching the grounds with oak leaves.   Only five  per cent of my landscape garden is in lawn…..which takes nine minutes to mow.    The remaining is in garden plants including trees,  and paths…..and my house, of course.

If you live in our area, and have planted or have had planted a  number of perennial plants, woody or herbacous  in your garden this year after mid July, I advise you  to get out your sprinklers this week as soon as possible and water them well.   It will also help your herbaceous perennials to make it through the winter.

November 9, 2011

Late Autumn Color in our Northern Landscape Garden

By habit  northerners, including  amateur and professional ‘horticulture’ oriented people  refer to color in the autumn garden as any  color but green.   Red, pink, scarlet, orange, rust, chartreuse, gold, yellow, maroon, plum….you get the idea……green is never listed.

This is mainly the  habit, monkey see, monkey do.   But there is another reason why these days greens have become so much more important in the art of landscape gardening.

Over the past twenty five years the greatest numbers of ‘new’ plants in our Twin Cities ‘north’  for use in our art form, are coniferous evergreens.   Some such as  Microbiota from Russia and Chamaecyparis from Japan, are genera which finally are available in the Twin City market.

Others are old time conifer ‘inventions’  which finally had made the Twin City market as a natural response to the greater interest in the landscape garden and an ability to pay extra  for the more unusual.

And then there are the newer ‘inventions’, new breedings and more commonly new discoveries from nature’s ‘mistakes’ all of which give us a much wider variety of colors AND sizes of green conifers…….

“Conifer”  refers to woody plants which bear cones.

At present on  this 9th of November, 2011  my landscape garden is still radiant with reds, pinks, browns, rusts, maroons, scarlets, oranges, yellows and chartreuse.   But the base for  this canvas is still green from the conifers…..from the darks of yews to  the  darks of the shade-sides of nearly any other upright green foliaged conifer, these are the plants which dominate, frame,  and define the beautiful pictures of a  classic landscape garden, not only today in late Autumn  at its colorful best, but in Winter and early Spring when their forms truly dominate the classic landscape garden.

Here is a partial list of the more noticeable sources of color in my today’s landscape  garden show in a year where there was no killing frost until evening six days ago and very little frost since:

Three Fothergilla with all colors of autumn,  three Paperbark maple trees, one brilliant yellow-gold, another blinding orange, and a third scarlet red all in full display,  two Norway maples pruned as eight foot shrubs, both orange,  two Crimson Spire oaks  viscious orange blending with rust and scarlet, and the third week of now pinkish orange of my eight by eight foot yellow leafed barberry. 

I allow the Japanese spiraeas to seed whereever they want….and then I cull when they are out of place according to my eye.   I think most of these autumn oranges are seedlings of Gumball spiraea or Anthony Waterer, or Neon.   Some are from Little Princess and remain tight foliaged and orange in fall color.    I have a number of Juddii viburnums throughout the grounds.   Besides the wonderul fragrance of its midMay blooms, these viburnums display a mass of plum to maroon to red leaf color in late autumn.

The best maroons are the more massive purple leafed smokebush especially Velvet Cloak.   Grace Smokebush is spectacularly colorful and has been for a month…..orange blending in every way to maroon.   The steadiest of the darker maroons is Black Beauty Elderberry, which in my grounds dies back to the ground every year and then recovers, sending up eight to ten foot stems…..notice the plural of this statement, please.   Every leaf is still on each of my half a dozen Black Beauties, and every leaf is the same dark purple-maroon as borne  months ago  in Spring.

The colorful conifers which provide the form and contrast of  today’s setting start with the brilliant yellow of some Sungold (King’s Gold)  Chamaecyparis, both trees and shrubs,  yet although  all essentially are the same Chamaecyparis pisifera aurea  nidiformis plants,  some have turned lime green instead.

The Andorra juniper has already turned into its winter’s plum color.

In stark contrast are those in the bluish greens…..Dwarf Colorado Blue Spruce,  Pumila Scot’s Pine, Hughes, Maneyi, Table Top, and Blue Prince  Juniper.  

The upright Japanese Yew or its Taunton ’spreader’ yew, especially if grown in summer shade, is still very, very dark green and getting darker as winter ‘falls’ on us.  Another impressive very dark green comes from the foliage of the Clanbrassiliana Spruce a dwarf of about 15 feet height at ‘maturity’. 

The Serbian spruce shows a bicolor combination of turquoise newer foliage above the older  dark green.

The conifer genus which our Minnesota gardens cannot do without is ‘Thuja”, the arborvitaes.  

Whether the tall pyramids, the spiky pyramids,  the fat uprights, the round ones, the bluish green ones, dark green or chartreuse green, the golden, or the burnt tipped orangie shrubby ones, those with spiral foliage growth and others fuzzier appearing, this genus is a god-send to  the Minnesota landscape gardener.

Most arborvitaes darken significantly as winter approaches.   Many of those with genetic yellow in them will begin to display it by the ides of March.

I have a couple Sunkist or  Yellow Ribbon planted in full sun for half day that remains as yellow  today as it was in  July.  

Growing and maintaining the landscape garden is an art form surpassed by no other in stimulating the spirit of those who create it, maintain it and display it.

Give it a try, but be patient and alert.   Give us a call at Masterpiece when you need assistance…..at 952-933-5777.

October 6, 2011

Warning to Twin City Homeowners: Water your grounds well this fall

Since our monsoons of early summer, there has been a drought in the general Twin City area.   For well established plants there generally shouldn’t be much concern….as yet.   For newly planted woody plants and perennials regular watering……that is reliable water availability is essential for survival.

A prolonged period of drought has about the same effect on woody plants regardless of soil type.   Plants will wilt and die  sooner in sandy soils.   They also recover sooner, assuming there is enough life stored in the plants for  recover.

Water newer plants placed in sandy soils daily for ten or fifteen minutes during extended dry periods.   Don’t include a few drops of rain in the middle of the night or afternoon.   They hardly matter.  

For heavy clay soils water regularly….to prevent drought….once every three or four days for twenty minutes……using a gentle sprinkle.    If the soil had already caked and cracked, apply a light sprinkle for ten minutes twice a day until the soil again become maleable.

More important….don’t allow your landscaped grounds to enter the world of water deprivation.   Not too many people I know enjoy standing at each plant for ten minutes hand watering their flocks.  Especially if the plants number in the hundreds…..or thousands.

Nothing made my home grounds more attractive, alive and lush than when my irrigation system was intstalled.   (Note….I lucked out regarding the soil which anchors and nourishes this lushness.  It is the best loam ever……I bought my home property totally unaware of this blessing, 37 years ago.)

If you have not been watering your landscape grounds regularly…..Start NOW.   

If you want to be relieved of the ‘pain’ of watering or the angst of remembering when to water, give us a call at 952-933-5777.     We have the best landscape garden installer and fixer available.   He, too, is an artist.   I wouldn’t have any other grounds irrigation ‘guru’ touch my own landscape garden…..but I’ll share him with you.  Give us a call.   An irrigation system for your home grounds isn’t very expensive……especially if you cannot keep your home grounds plants alive.

MOST PLANT DEATHS IN THE HOME GROUNDS ARE CAUSE BY DROUGHT…….that is the lack of reliable watering.

Heat of temperature does make a difference…..As you’d expect, high temperatures  increase stress on all garden plants…..including on you, their caretaker.

October 19, 2010

Autumn Duties for the Landscape Gardener

What are the regular routines for the Landscape Gardener to maintain the home grounds in the best condition going into winter?

Watering:   There is much debate over what the autumn to late autumn watering schedule should be for the Twin City area landscaped grounds.  Some ‘professors’ profess continued regular watering until the hard frosts; others suggest withholding water gradually to assist the plants hardening off for the cold misery of winter.  Plants here usually mean woody plants.

Not all plants are equal.  Herbaceous perennials are much more ephemeral in the grounds than cold tolerant trees and shrubs.  Not all autumns are equal either.  This passing October was wet at first and then decided to move into a beautiful season of cool, sunny, colorful, gorgeous and DRY Minnesota autumn…..going waterless  on almost three weeks now….and I think it is great even though I have had to use the sprinkler since I had my irrigation system winterized early this year.

In this case I believe watering the shrubs and trees about every fourth day at twenty minutes or so a spot, during such a period would be enough.  Soil type can be a factor if you are unlucky enough to garden over soil of heavy clay.   Sandy soils are much easier to manage with watering……less intensity but more frequency than normal.   Clay soils which have not dried out during the heat of summer to brick, don’t need to be watered much in the autumn regardless of the temperatures.  Hot, dry October winds might cause some reconsiderations.

October temperatures are cool.  Heavy watering can be damaging to some conifers which become shaded with the sun ”falling’ toward the horizon here in our Northland.  Foliar disease are especially ravaging on Colorado Blue Spruce.  Others damage tree yews.   Symptoms most observed are the withering of the interior older foliage.   Yews begin to lose their yellowing needles in late Spring.  Blue spruce will show a gray to brown sickly dried up crop of old needles and be dropping them about now.    One of my white pines has a foliar disease similar to these.

Shade, moisture, and lack of air movement to dry off the foliage reliably, are the collective causes of the unsightly disfuguration to many of our conifers.

Should hostas and other perennials be pruned back in fall or spring?   I grow hostas because they offer an artistic plus to my grounds, not because I am a hosta guru.  My entire grounds is a landscape garden.   Not all hostas are equal.  Some hold attractive foliage into very late autumn and others don’t.   Some are less hardy than others.   I cut back foliage on those whose foliage no longer please me IF I have time to do this clean up. 

However, there is one note which must stand firm and deeply in the Minnesota landscape gardener’s understanding of the onslaught of winter upon cherished garden plants, woody or not…..

The greatest threat to Minnesota landscape garden plants is the autumn disaster of temperatures dropping below ten below zero or more, Fahrenheit,  before Thanksgiving, and anything around twenty below zero before Christmas WITHOUT  snow. 

Snow is nature’s best insulator for outdoor plants.  The second best is certain kinds of leaf cover…..namely the kind called oak leaves.   Others may work or may cause additional troubles to garden plants.  I let oak leaves go where they may in my autumn garden.

Oak leaves are crinkly and don’t break down rapidly even despite wet weather.  They create air pockets over whatever ground the manage to cover.   If the gardener waits till Spring to cut back dead perennial foliage, the plant will be somewhat better protected through  a snowless frigid spell when  leaves of any kind are captured by any plant  ”stalks”. 

I am the only  groundskeeper of my landscape grounds.  Time available usually dictates my scheduling for manicuring the fall garden. 

Two years ago I lost four spreading yews and one twenty foot upright yew to winter kill.   The plants were in the garden for over fifteen years.   There was plenty of snow cover.  However, sometime in January over a weekend when the temperature had dropped to minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit, there was a steady thirty mile an hour wind from the North for two days.   A good friend in Waseca, Marian Fischer,  was certain her similar losses were due to that January windstorm.  

There is always the unexpected.

Major pruning of woody plants should wait until Spring, the earlier, usually the better.  The more one knows about pruning, the more one can safely disobey this recommendation, however.

Ideally, pruning  of apple, crabapple and pear trees should be done in late February or early March, to avoid the spread of  the bacterial disease called “Fireblight”.

So many special plants now growing in our more up-to-date landscaped grounds may require exceptional treatment for winter care for which we have no reliable information except for our own observations.

Those of you who live in the center Twin Cities and the immediate suburbs are now living in horticultural zone FIVE……. My ideal garden zone.  Where I live, west of Minneapolis, I can grow many zone five plants but I have be call my area, zone four and a half. 

Zone Five Japanese Beetles visited my grounds for the first time in known history this past summer.  One has to take the bad with the good if one is a devoted Landscape Gardener……And Japanese beetles are not good…..but if that is what it takes to get a little Global Warming to reach Zone five, I’ll accept it.

Many who live in the city have a serious rabbit and mouse problem…..especially in grounds surrounded by entrapping fencing.   Trap and kill, most serious landscape gardeners recommend.  Chicken wire fencing around the most susceptible plants such as Winged Euonumous or some of the Viburnums.     Some tender gardeners trap and relocate…..but that can go on for weeks and months.

I will recommend nothing here.  It is your call, dear fellow landscape gardener.

September 20, 2010

Sixty Years Ago Most Minnesotans Farmed and Gardened

While I am at this post reaching into the memory of days gone by, I think it is important to note this additional recollection from  my childhood.

In the 1930s and 1940s the major occupation in Minnesota was farming.  Most Minnesotans did not live in the Twin Cities.   Suburbs did not exist.  Small town life flourished.  Small town people grew gardens, usually the vegetable and fruit ones. 

Farmers Seed and Nursery Company was in business nearly everywhere.  Growing  vegetables  and fruit trees, mostly apples and plums, was thought vital for  human consumption here in the northland. 

Late January and all February  were exciting times for many folks who thought so.   They were the months  the garden and seed catalogs arrived.  My family joined this crowd in 1942 as part of the War effort.  I was eight and fell in charge of managing our 40′ by 100′ foot vegetable garden in the empty lots across the alley where we lived in Highland Park in St. Paul.  Acres of such gardens were cultivated and harvested at city or private owned property in many undeveloped parts of the city.  Montreal Avenue had acres to the south of the street uphill from Seventh Street.

I remember the gypsy hovels in that area of vacant grounds before the war.   Half of the Highland Park “area” was still in empty lots.

My father was raised on a farm in Hope, North Dakota.  We had relatives remaining in that community until they all passed on from old age.   My mother’s dad, a carpenter and house builder by trade, gardened the entire next door empty lot on Bernard Street in West St. Paul until he died in 1947.  He always divided his plot evenly between vegetables and flowers.   His brothers farmed in West St. Paul supplying St. Paul grocers with cabbages and potatoes.

Sixty years ago the vast majority of Minnesotans knew how to grow things.  No one thought that tomatoes were manufactured at a supermarket.  Most people made their living from “the” or “a” farm.  Moreover, for most, the land meant something to them.  Especially to those whose parents or grandparents “homesteaded”. 

My own grandfather, my dad’s dad,  was born in Cherryfield,  Maine, in 1857.   Think of it.  I often do.  He was born 4 years before the Civil War actually began.  He left Cherryfield when he was about 17, on horse back to go West……alone.  He homesteaded near  Hope, North Dakota.   Family lore  recorded that he met his future wife, ten years his younger, while assisting  her father free the three or four wagons which had become  stuck in the Sheyenne River mud one spring around 1886.  My grandmother, Anna Williams and her sisters were  inside one of those wagons.  Their  family was moving West from LaCrosse, Wisconsin…….to settle and farm.

Seeds, sun, soil, water and an amenable temperature are the basics which make so much of the beautiful Earth so bountiful.   It should worry us all that the vast majority of  city dwelling folks know so little about the real Earth.  

I count my blessings every day…..and often ask myself, “How could I have been  so lucky?” 

In part measure an answer is, I have almost never been bored…..certainly not ever over the past half century.  Life, Book learning and creating and maintaining Garden provides no time whatsoever for boredom.  On the downside of this, my God, where did the time go?

Some Peculiarities of Our 2010 Growing Season

Spring came very early in 2010.  Do you remember?  April was very pleasant and mild, even warm.  May was coolish.

I remember as a child in the early 1940s an April Easter Sunday was featured with ice and snow nearly everywhere.  The days would be sunny, but wintery and cold.

I much prefer our current delivery of Spring.   I am rooting for a Zone 5 growing zone.  We are almost there.   One would think most Minnesotans would welcome the pleasant warm April breezes and beautiful spring flowers.   After all,  Spring is supposed to begin in March!

We are told this new kind of new kind of Minnesota April is bad and certain politicians want to do something to put it back into the frigid zones.   Even if these people dont block out a portion of the sun, we are told by most cold country scientists like the Russian ones, who really are at the icecicle end of the climate change front, that the Earth will be cooling again for the next 75 or so years.

Did you know that when I was a boy discovering the names of the birds flying around me, there were no cardinals in the Twin City area?    They joined us when  the climate improved for us Minnesotans as well.

We also have had a very moist 2010 growing season.   Not only a very moist one, but a season in which precipitation was quite reliable…..about every second or third day there would a steady bit of water dropping our way. 

Those of you who have visited my landscape garden know I tolerate a lot of gigas (Korean angelica).  It is a very strange appearing biennial which usually rises to six or seven feet and comes into “bloom”  beginning in early September.

This year, this biennial has appeared moody.  I have grown them for about ten years, but not in the numbers as they now occur……around 100….or 1,000 if you count all of this year’s ‘pop-ups’ greening up to do their blooming thing next season.

I cull dozens per day.

Many of this year’s crop are over ten feet tall with stalks over five inches in diameter at the ground level.  Their flower branchings are like octopus tentacles reaching everywhere…..some so cumbersome and heavy the plant cannot withstand the weight.

Moreover, about half of them are well into sinescence.   In collection they  look like an unharvested  cornfield in October…..except for the maroon and browning tentacles  reaching out  everywhere.

I am wondering why.  Such sizes and early sinescence have not happened in my gardens before.  My unscientific answer is thus:  

    1.   The size of plants is due to the regular reliability of water.   Gigas do like more water than less.   That I have noticed other seasons.

    2.  The early season in spring perhaps is the reason the plants are dying earlier.  Some plants seem to have a clock system which confines their life time rather specifically.  Gigas is a biennial…..which means it goes from life (seed germination) to seed production and death in two growing seasons.  It can do not other program.   Its clock must have struck “twelve midnight” early this year….if my guessing is correct.

Another weather note:  When the 90 degree temperatures did arrive in July and August, not only was the soil moisture sufficient, but the heat did not last for more than a few days in a row. 

Those of us who garden have to make a lot of guesses every growing season.  No season is ever quite the same.

August 13, 2010

What Catalogs Don’t Tell Us About Mature Conifer Plant Sizes

Filed under: About Masterpiece, garden maintenance, shrubs and trees — glenn @ 5:06 pm

I am looking at a nursery wholesale catalog….a guide which carries a paragraph or less to inform the unknowing a bit about the nature of the plant.  Information located there is made available by a number of sources.  It could be from the original plant propagator, a plant salesman, or a university professor in the horticultural department.

In the landscape architect’s world knowing names of individual plants is seldom important, except perhaps for billing.  Plants are know as “green statements”, or color statements……a tall statement…..or something ‘broad’.  

I happen to like arborvitaes and have often claimed to classes which I have taught, that it is the plant genus the Minnesota landscape garden could not do without.  

There are dozens of cultivars and varieties of arborvitae….(Thuja).

In my wholesale catalog I notice that the height of the Degroot’s arborvitae, one of my favorite evergreen uprights,  is stated at six feet with a width of two feet.  Height 6′, width  2′…..and that is it. 

I am looking at one of my many Degroot’s arborvitaes in my own landscape garden, one about twelve years in my possession which was about 3 feet tall when I planted it.  I am also reminded of the three or four magnificent specimens Masterpiece planted at a Riviera Road property in Sartell, Minnesota in the mid 1990s, all of them two and a half feet wide but now over twenty feet tall.

There seems to be some problem in communication here.

Why the discrepancy?

One, and a good answer, may be that no one really knows how tall a Degroot’s arborvitae might reach under ideal circumstances.   There are so many new conifer cultivars now on the market, no one has yet seen some of them as mature specimens.   

Chamaecyparis are relatively new to the Minnesota landscape plant market.   The most popular one is sold as “King’s Gold” or “Sun Gold” which closely resembles an arborvitae.   They are sold as shrubs.   

 I open my wholesale catalog to the “Chamaecyparis, King’s Gold”  page, and I am informed that the plant upright size is one to two feet and its width is 3 feet.   No further information is offered.   The purchaser, whether home owner or professional landscaper, or someone somewhere in between might not know that if a King’s Gold Chamaecyparis were left alone to grow well on a favorable site, it would become a fifteen to twenty foot tall, conifer tree with drooping foliage about eight to nine feet wide.

It is sold as a shrub for a number of reasons…..One can sell twenty shrubs of a cultivar to every tree form of that cultivar, and Chamaecyparis are slow growing.  Even though it is genetically destined to become a small tree, regular pruning can keep its size to around six or seven feet in height. 

Another example of misinformation or lack of information  usually goes with selling the Japanese Yew.   There is a spreader variety…..labeled “Taunton”, and an upright  called “Capitata”.   If neither are ever pruned, and  allowed to grow to maturity under good conditions, both will become huge…..if twenty five feet wide and twenty five feet tall would count as huge. 

The Taunton Yew is one of the most common conifers used in  foundation plantings.   One of its best features is that it not only tolerates shade including deep  shade, it flourishes in shade.  

On one property of a regular client of ours in a space of about 30 square feet in the front area of this beautiful house, there were planted 16 Taunton Yews by the Landscape Architect.   In time one plant could have covered the entire space.  To be understanding of the Architect or Landscaper, most homeowners don’t have the patience to wait fifteen years for the full character this wonderful conifer could develop. 

One of my favorite landscape trees for the Twin City scene is the Sunkist Arborvitae or  its identical twin called Yellow Ribbon Arborvitae.  Both are ’scheduled’ to reach 8 feet tall and three feet wide.  Since that is all the information catalogs offer, one assumes that that is its mature size.

It is a wrong assumption.    Three of the Sunkists on my own grounds are all over fifteen feet tall and the king of the hill in the front garden is over eight feet wide.   I prefer them to have foliage to the ground so you can see theydo take up some space which the catalogs did not include.

I have good soil and an effective irrigation system.  Both add tremendously to the healthful growth of the vast majority of trees if not all. 

If reliable watering is not available for arborvitaes, they will not reach such heights.  Generally, many of the junipers hardy in our area are more tolerant of some drought and somewhat poorer soil.  But when on good soil, fertilized and watered properly, many, both upright and spreaders are shocking (and very beautiful) in the size they  can reach. 

My favorite upright Juniper is the Hetz Columnar.  Height size is listed in catalogs as fifteen to twenty feet.  If  planted in good loamy soil and  its location is in full sun and is regularly watered, Hetz Columnar can reach double that listed height in  ten to twelve years.

A beautiful spreading juniper is Hughes.  It is marked as six feet wide and only a foot tall, which makes it  seem like a modest ground cover…..for full sun as the catalog informs its reader.  Most, if left to grow unencumbered in to space, will surpass fifteen feet in diameter and reach only two feet in height in its normal life span. 

We seldom see these beautiful conifers in their full size.  In the future perhaps those who write statistics for catalogs will  provide more accurate  information about the  adult  sizes of these woody plants, so the consumer or the consumer’s representative can make better choices for the home grounds.

July 24, 2010

Marian and Larry Fischer of Waseca; Beautiful Garden Winners in 2009

Filed under: About Masterpiece, The Art of Landscaping, garden maintenance — glenn @ 11:12 pm

We at Masterpiece are very proud of our friends in Waseca, Marian and Larry Fischer, Star  Tribune Beautiful Garden winners a year ago.  Their landscape garden dwarfs mine in size, spreading about 3 acres in all.   It  is exquisitely maintained and manicured.   The setting is truly an oasis in a beautiful endless ”sea”  of corn.  

We have been very blessed to have had the opportunity to work together with Marian and Larry to develop the grounds over the years.  I am jealous of its beauty.

It is one form of landscape garden art to create the forms of the grounds…that is, answering the 3 questions in one, “ What goes where and why?”  

 It is yet another landscape garden art to maintain the beauty of the grounds.  

The following article was written by Kim Palmer, a reporter with the StarTribune writing the the Home and Garden section.  You can read the entire article and view the video at the StarTribune website…December, 2008 in the Home and Garden section.

From an interview with the Fischers, Ms. Palmer writes:

“I think I was born to be a gardener,” Marian said. “I’ve loved flowers and nature since I was a child.” Growing up on a dairy farm in Iowa, the oldest of seven children, nature was her escape from the clamor of a busy household. “I like peace and quiet,” she said. “Outside it was quiet.”

When she and Larry had children of their own — two sons — she raised them to savor the natural world as she had. “I would not let them sit in the house, even when they were young,” Marian said. If they wanted to watch Saturday-morning cartoons, they had to do it in a “wired” treehouse. “So at least they were outside.”

The strategy apparently worked; both sons are now gardeners themselves, and they and their friends congregate at the farm every fall for a big Oktoberfest, featuring a barn dance, bluegrass band and apple-pressing. “We are blessed with so many wonderful young people in our lives,” Marian said.

From field to woodland

From the beginning, Marian had a strong sense of what kind of landscape she wanted. Adding trees, for windbreak and shade, was a top priority. “I’m not into this restored prairie thing,” she said. “I was a child of the prairie, having spent so many hours in the hot, sticky field. I’ll go visit a prairie, but I don’t want to re-create one. I prefer shaded woodland.”

But she was still searching for ways to create the beauty that she thirsted for, even as others were starting to take notice of the Fischers’ efforts. In the mid-1980s, the couple’s garden was included on a tour as part of the Minnesota Horticulture Society’s convention. Little did Marian know that she was about to meet a mentor who would have a profound impact on her and her garden. Before the tour, the society’s director at the time, Glenn Ray, owner of Masterpiece Landscaping, came to preview their garden. Later, she went to hear him speak. “He talked about the fragrance of the lilac, and he said it with such passion,” she recalled. “Fragrance is really my thing.

A few years later, when she was on a mission to make her landscape more interesting during the winter months, she remembered Ray, looked up his phone number and asked if he did consulting, which he did. Marian has vivid memories of his first critique. “He said, ‘Why did you plant everything in straight rows?’ I said, ‘I’m German. I grew up on a farm.’”

She soon decided that Ray had the aesthetic sensibility she needed to lift her gardens to a new level. “I am a gardener. Glenn is an artist. It was obvious to me that he had what I didn’t.”

So she started hiring him every year, to refine her garden and do some of her pruning. One year, she showed him a heavily wooded area where farmers had been piling boulders for decades. “Glenn said, ‘You have a gold mine!’” Marian recalled.

That was the beginning of the dry streambed, a project four years in the making. Ray considers it “the jewel of her garden.”

The Fischers and their sons remember, and still laugh about, the painstaking process of building it. “Glenn is really fussy about the position of boulders,” Marian said. “He could spend an hour on one boulder, turning it this way and that, then say, ‘Sorry, that boulder isn’t going to work.’”

Early in their partnership, she followed his advice to the letter. “I don’t argue with Glenn. I would limit my horizons if I did,” she said.

But over the years, she has gotten bolder and more outspoken, she said. She’s redesigning one of her gardens now to reflect more of her own aesthetic. “We’re remaking this into a Marian garden rather than a Glenn garden,” she said. “I want flowers and beauty. He wants structure and form. We’re working on it.”

Ray doesn’t mind. In fact, he’s gratified to see her inner artist emerge.  “She’s a wonderful student.  When I met her everything ws in lines and squares.  She had no confidence artistically.  Now she’s part of telling me what she does and doesn’t like.  She’s developed an eye.”

Comment:  I think those who know me agree, even if painfully, that when I say, “I get as much pleasure from teaching about Landscape Gardening as I do about installing one”, it is true.

They know one lights me up as much as the other.   Sometimes they have to endure both at the same time.   My colleagues and friends are usually very forgiving, though.    And Thank God.

July 18, 2010

What Is This Thing Called “Weed”

Filed under: garden maintenance, perennials, random fun — glenn @ 4:33 pm

No, not the stuff the foolish  smoke!  The stuff  that grows where folks don’t want the stuff to grow.

To the Landscape Garden artist there is only one definition for the word, “weed”…..

A Weed is a Plant Out of Place!       That is the definition, the whole definition,  and nothing but the definition……to the Landscape Gardener.

In my landscape garden the plants out of place most everywhere are tree seedlings….sugar maples, red maples, elm, Ohio buckeye, buckthorn, box elder, Norway maple, Green Ash,  Red Oak, White Oak, American Arborvitae, Japanese Yew, Red Cedar, and so on and so on.  Then there are the herbaceous perennials which can be weedy, weedy, weedy no matter what the definition might be. 

In my garden I cherish one of these weedies…..the progeny from my Purple Cats Astilbe.

I have an underground irrigation system to water my plant world.  I realized early in my gardening life that astilbes demanded a moist environment.   I never thought for a moment that meant reliable waterings from an underground irrigation system. 

Where I once had one clump of Purple Cats Astilbe, I now have, perhaps, thousands of its seedlings.  The color isn’t quite there, but these reliable perennials are as big if a bit more pink that purple, a replica of its parents.  They are everywhere, and at the moment, they are in full bloom. 

I weed out only those which defy harmony.   I know there will be a problem in the future.  For each new hundred clumps  established each year, what will happen to my grounds in five more years.

I have a very small area of my landscape garden in  lawn.  Nine minutes worth to be exact.   The only other routine demand is managed automatically…..the watering for fifteen minutes a zone, every other day program. 

The rest of the grounds is an open door for any and all plant visitors to set up shop……where there is room, however.   Many plants are fussy about where they will do their thing.  I have been trying to get my ginkgo to produce for years and have succeeded with only two and both are rather moody about growing much.

I have Virginia Creeper growing.  Until about August first, mature  and happy Virginia grows about three feet a day and in several directions at the same time.  I call Virginia weedy, but not a weed.  I am the one who decides where Virginia can live and flourish.  Yet, pound for pound, no other species has been removed from my property over the past 36 years except perhaps for the exception of an 90 year old American Elm I had removed last Thanksgiving Day weekend.

I find the Creeper a great ground cover in some locations, and an attractive accent in foliage in others.  I never let the plant crawl up the trunks of trees, if I can help it.   That looks messy.

If one does have grounds fairly well designed naturalistically, there are other “weedies” which make good ground covers more restful to manage…..violets come to mind….cushion and chameleon spurge are good,….

 Japanese anemone is bound to be successful despite your moods.  In Latin is named, Anemone robustissima.   That should tell the interested gardener all that is needed to know.  The “issima” part can be translated to mean….”the very, very, very most!”

It the plant were the very, very, very most in height, the plant would likely have been named,  Genera “altissima”……referring to its altitude.

You can put it together, dear reader.   Expect Anemone robustissima to enjoy its stay in your garden.  Fortunately for all, it is a very attractive for a “robustissima”.

There are many plants who do enjoy “taking over” in the grounds.  And there are some weeds far worse than others, because no one can control them.

Among such weeds, Campanula  rapunculoides leads the list.  Another is Goutweed, the socalled perennial Snow on the Mountain.  As a large group  the grasses, especially lawn grasses can be killers in the perennial garden.  That is why timely and proper edging the perennial garden border from the lawn is very important.

Most weeds can be pulled out easily by hand.  I have always liked “weeding”.  It is so resrfull and uncomplex.   One simply reaches out, grabs on to the stem at its nearest to the ground, and pulls.

If the landscape garden is beautiful before weeding, imagine how clean and sharp it will be after weeding.

But, never forget that a weed is a plant out of place if you are a person so fortunate in life to have found the art of landscape gardening.

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